WTO Subsidies Agreement on Fisheries (2022-2024): Agreed Terms and Implications for Indonesia
Keywords:
Fisheries Subsidies, World Trade Organization, Fisheries Subsidies Agreement, Sustainable Development, Fisheries Subsidies Agreement ImplementationAbstract
Indonesia has issued a fisheries subsidy policy to encourage the development of the fishing industry because this sector contributes to national development, but the subsidies applied must be in accordance with the provisions stipulated in the WTO. Indonesia is a member of the WTO and in the last few meetings held by the WTO in which the WTO prohibits subsidies, besides that fisheries subsidies can cause depletion of fish stocks and damage to marine biota. This is not in line with the UN program, namely Sustainable Development related to sustainable fisheries, so the implementation of fisheries subsidy policies can cause problems. the 12th WTO ministerial conference, a draft was drafted, but until now the draft has not been ratified, the draft fisheries subsidies at the WTO specifically regulate fisheries subsidies that are prohibited and exceptions in general. the 13th Ministerial Conference 2024 has not yet concluded negotiations on agricultural and fisheries subsidy issues, which remain key concerns for the conference organizers. Trade or Economic Ministers of the WTO engaged in negotiations are aware of the significant differences in positions among member states, necessitating further time for additional negotiations to be continued by permanent delegations in Geneva. The impact of the draft WTO fisheries subsidy, if successfully ratified, will have a negative impact on Indonesia in terms of the fishery market, fishery resources and employment.
Downloads
References
A. Rohani, M. Fasyehhudin, Belardo Prasetya Mega Jaya et al. “Impact of Indonesia Goverment Policy in PP No. 27 of 2021 Concerning the Implementation of The Marine and Fisheries Sector” Jurnal Supremasi Hukum 19, no. 1 (2023): 27–36.
Ambarwati, Sinta. “KKP Serukan Pemberian Subsidi Bagi Nelayan Indonesia Dalam Forum WTO.” Antarnews.com, 2024. https://www.antaranews.com/%0Aberita/4000050/kkp-serukan-pemberian-subsidi-bagi-nelayan-indonesia-dalam-forum-wto %0A.
Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Tangkap. Statistik Perikanan Tangkap 2011, Kementerian Kelautan Dan Perikanan. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Tangkap, 2012.
Ernawati, Ninin, Maya Shafira, Deni Achmad, Rehulina Tarigan, and Ninne Zahara Silviani. “Legal Enforcement for Iuu Fishing in Indonesian Sovereignty and Jurisdiction: A Case Analysis of the Capture of Foreign Vessels By the Indonesian Government.” Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan 10, no. 3 (2022): 448–61. https://doi.org/10.29303/ius.v10i3.1078.
Freightsight, Team. “KKP Optimis Perjanjian Subsidi Perikanan WTO Berpotensi Tingkatkan Produksi Dan Ekspor.” Freightsight Article, 2022.
GATT-1994, “Pasal XVI- Bab Subsidi, Bagian A tentang Subsidi Secara Umum (Subsidies in General)”. https://www.wto.org/.../gatt1994_art16_gatt47.pdf
Ghofar, A. Selected Indonesian Fisheries Subsidies: Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Policy Coherence and Efectiveness. Bali: The Nature Conservancy, 2008.
Grahadyarini, B.M.L. “Rapor Merah Perikanan, Dari Performa Buruk Hingga Subsidi Salah Sasaran.” Kompas.id, 2024. https://www.kompas.id/baca/ekonomi/%0A2024/01/29/subsidi-dan-kejahatan-perikanan %0A.
Irawan, Benny, Firdaus, Belardo Prasetya Mega Jaya, A. H.Asari Taufiqurrohman, Siti Wulan Sari, and Sarah Furqoni. “State Responsibility and Strategy in Preventing and Protecting Indonesian Fisheries Crews Working on Foreign Fishing Vessels from Modern Slavery.” Australian Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2024.2333107.
Ismail, Wulan Suci Putri Yanti. “Penerapan Kebijakan Subsidi Perikanan Indonesia Berdasarkan Pengaturan Subsidi Perikanan Wto.” Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum 5, no. 2 (2021): 328–46. https://doi.org/10.23920/jbmh.v5i2.10.
Jaya, Belardo Prasetya Mega, Afandi Sitamala, and Danial. “State Exclusivity of Fisheries Resources on Exclusive Economic Zone in Efforts to Support the Fisheries Availability as a Means of Increasing Food Security for the State.” Joint Proceedings of the 2nd and the 3rd International Conference on Food Security Innovation (ICFSI 2018-2019) 9 (2021): 213–19. https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210304.039.
Jaya, Belardo Prasetya Mega, Agus Prihartono Permana Sidiq, Mohamad Fasyehhudin, and Nuryati Solapari. “Republic of Indonesia Sovereign Right in North Natuna Sea According to United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982.” Australian Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs 16, no. 1 (2024): 127–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2023.2206261.
Jaya, Belardo Prasetya Mega, Mas Nana Jumena, Surya Anom, Hitlton Taranama P.M, Hukum Laut Internasional : Suatu Pengantar dan Sejarah Perkembangannya (Depok: Rajawali Press, 2024)
Jaya, Belardo Prasetya Mega, and Muhamad Uut Lutfi. “The Law Enforcement Towards Foreign Vessels Which Did Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUU-Fishing) In Indonesia Fisheries Management Areas.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 20, no. 1 (2021): 245. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2020.20.1.2838.
Jaya, Belardo Prasetya Mega, Ridwan, Rully Syahrul Mucharom, Dwi Edi Wibowo, Siti Nur Aisah, Sulastri Sulastri, Novia Bella Alifvia, “Criticising The Implementation Of The Actip In Southeast Asia,” Sriwijaya Law Review 7, no. 2 (2023): 350–367, http://dx.doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol7.Iss2.2542.350-367
KNTI. “Perjanjian WTO Tentang Subsidi Perikanan Merugikan Nelayan Kecil.” KNTI.or.id, 2024. https://knti.or.id/knti-perjanjian-wto-tentang-subsidi-perikanan-merugikan-nelayan-kecil/.
Latifah, Emmy, and Moch Najib Imanullah. “Applying Precautionary Principle in Fisheries Management.” Jambe Law Journal 1, no. 1 (2018): 13–34. https://doi.org/10.22437/jlj.1.1.13-34.
Lewerissa, Yanti Amelia, Deassy Antoneta Hehanussa, and Sherly Adam. “Criminal Policy on Destructive Fishing Activities in Serutbar, Indonesia.” Jambura Law Review 5, no. 2 (2023): 235–50. ttps://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v5i2.18087.
Muhammad, Abdulkadir. “Hukum Dan Penelitian Hukum” (Bandung: Citra. Aditya Bakti, 2004).
Noegroho, A. “KKP Siap Laksanakan DIPA 2014.” Antara News, 2013. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/408858/kkp-siap-laksanakan-dipa-2014.
Prasetyaningsih, Dyah Mustika, Eko Hendarto, Nurul Anwar, and Khalid Eltayeb Elfaki. “Effectiveness of Environmental Law Implementation: Compliance and Enforcement.” Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi 5, no. 2 (2022): 215–25. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v5i2.6826.
Preambule. “The Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization.” wto.org, 1994. https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/04-wto.pdf.
Rayfuse, Rosemary. Regional Fisheries Management Organization. The Oxford. United Kingdon: Oxford University: United Kingdon: Oxford University Press, 2015.
Ridwan, Belardo Prasetya Mega Jaya, and Sarah Haderizqi Imani, “The Implementation of General Principles of Convention on The Rights of The Child During Covid-19 Pandemic in The City of Serang,” Law Reform, 18, no. 1, (2022): 16-27. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v18i1.44643
Sidik, R.M. “Negosiasi Subsidi Perikanan Menuju MC13: Beberapa Permasalahan Utama.” Indonesia for Global Justice.or.id, 2024. https://igj.or.id/2024/02/21/negosiasi-subsidi-perikanan-menuju-mc13-beberapa-permasalahan-utama/.
Suciati, Ranila, Kery Utami, and Belardo Prasetya Mega Jaya. “Analisa SWOT Strategi Digitalisasi Pada Era New Normal Untuk Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Sumatera, Indonesia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Aset 23, no. 1 (2021): 63–83. https://doi.org/10.37470/1.23.1.178.
Suprayogi, Yosep. “Nelayan Minta Pemerintah Waspadai Perjajian WTO.” Betahi.id, 2024. https://betahita.id/news/detail/9984/nelayan-minta-pemerintah-waspadai-perjanjian-wto.html?v=1709677900.
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, There are currently 45 countries on the list of LDCs which is reviewed every three years by the Committee for Development (CDP), 2024, https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category.html)
United Nations Environment Programme. “Analyzing of the Resources Impact of Fisheries Subsidies: A Matrix Approach.” unep.org, 2004.
Wijiyanto. “KTM Ke-13 WTO Sepakati Paket Abu Dhabi.” Kemendag, 2024. https://www.kemendag.go.id/berita/siaran-pers/ktm-ke-13-wto-sepakati-paket-abu-dhabiisinya?page=3.
WTO, Article I. “Draft Consolidate Chair Texts of the Adand SCM Agreements TN/RL/W/213.” wto.org, 2007. https://www.wto.org/.../rules_chair_text_%0Anov07_e.htm %0A.
WTO. “Agreement On Fisheries Subsidies WT/L/144.” wto.org, 2022. https://docs.wto.org/.../WT/MIN22/33.pdf&Open=True.
WTO. “Fisheries Subsidies Chair Circulates New Text in ‘Final Push’ to Reach Agreement at MC13.” wto.org, 2023.
WTO. “Implementing The WTO Agreement On Fisheries Subsidies.” wto.org, 2022. https:/%0A/www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/r… %0A.
WTO, “Surge of formal acceptances of Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies — entry into force closer,” 2023, https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news23_e/fish_23|oct23_e.htm.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Belardo Prasetya Mega Jaya, Rully Syahrul Mucharom, Toto Tohir Suriaamadja, Ratna Januarita, Dwi Gita Maharani, Asari Taufiqurrohman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors hold the copyright. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. How ever the author should affirming that the article is their original work should accompany the article via online submission form. Authors are permitted to share a Preprint of their article anywhere at any time. Link Declaration of originality (PDF)
